Several main problems faced by printing enterprise

Several major problems faced by printing enterprises in Jilin Province after China's entry into the WTO

the signing of the bilateral agreement between China and the United States on China's accession to the WTO (WTO) marks a decisive step for China's accession to the WTO to ensure the real-time data. Although the final date of China's accession to the WTO is still uncertain, it has entered the countdown. It is necessary to reflect on several main problems faced by the printing industry in Jilin Province after China's entry into the WTO:

first, the impact of China's entry into the WTO on the printing industry

the greatest benefit of China's entry into the WTO to printing manufacturers is that it can significantly reduce production costs. After joining the WTO, the tariffs on imported raw and auxiliary materials needed by printing enterprises have been reduced, such as paper, ink, plate materials, chemical materials and so on. At present, the average import tariff of paper in China is about 20%, and the tax rate of foreign paper is 5% - 6%. After joining the WTO, the tariff of imported paper is expected to decline year by year, which is conducive to printing enterprises to reduce costs

although no specific statistics have been made on the import quantity of printing raw and auxiliary materials in Jilin Province, from the perspective of the publishing structure of our province in the past two years, there are not many books with medium and high-grade printing and binding level of more than 3000 kinds of books every year. Teaching materials and auxiliary books can basically account for 60% of the total annual book output of the province, so the amount of imported raw materials is not very large at present. Therefore, in the near future, the production cost of books will not be greatly reduced, or even show a reduction in cost

after joining the WTO, the import tariffs of printing and supporting equipment and parts will also be reduced. At present, the import tariff of printing equipment in China is 22%, and the value-added tax is 17%. In the past two years, the state has encouraged the introduction of advanced printing technology and equipment, and encouraged enterprises to actively adapt to the current situation of rapid development of printing technology, creating a good external environment for the technological transformation of printing enterprises. It is stipulated that lithographic offset printing machines with a printing speed of 15000 sheets/hour and rotary offset printing machines with a printing speed of 60000 sheets/hour are exempt from tax. As a result, some national designated enterprises for book and periodical printing in Jilin Province have carried out large-scale technological transformation, with a total investment of nearly 60million yuan, and nearly 35million yuan has been put into production. In this way, after China's entry into the WTO, under the current situation that the operating conditions of small and medium-sized printing enterprises are not optimistic, the intensity of technological transformation of enterprises will not increase in the short term, so the reduction of production costs will not be obvious

after joining the WTO, as the state will not loosen the management of book printing enterprises, sole proprietorship and joint venture will not be allowed in this field for the time being, so the impact on book printing enterprises will not be great for the time being. However, the restrictions on packaging and printing enterprises will be relaxed or even cancelled, which will bring challenges to domestic printing enterprises. Foreign countries have long been optimistic about China, a big market with great potential. After the establishment of wholly-owned and joint ventures in China increases, domestic enterprises have no advantages in terms of equipment, capital, people, management and so on, which will have a great impact on Chinese enterprises. Jilin Province is located in the middle of Northeast China. Its geographical location is relatively remote, its economic development is relatively backward, the development of packaging and printing is relatively slow, and the product quality is flat. It is understood that the number of packaging and printing out of the province is quite large every year, and a large number of trademarks, cigarette boxes, medicine boxes and other packaging products are lost outside the province. Once foreign investors are optimistic about this market and invest in the construction of packaging and printing enterprises, with the development of a wide range of integrated circuits, it is bound to make those packaging and printing enterprises with few active sources more narrow, and the impact on enterprises will be greater

after China's entry into WTO, the tariff on Book exports has been reduced, which is conducive to the entry of domestic books and book printing into the international market. As we all know, the writing price of domestic books is only one eighth of that of foreign books, which will surely attract some foreign businesses to print in China. If we can seize this opportunity and ensure the printing quality and service quality, we can fully absorb some foreign living sources

Second, the enterprise concept should be market-oriented

the enterprise concept is actually the development direction of an enterprise. It reflects the concept of enterprise leaders and their ideas and practices in running enterprises. Both Japan and South Korea require that colorants not listed in the regulatory requirements should not be used, which determines the success or failure of enterprises. Therefore, the concept of the enterprise is a kind of management resource of the enterprise, which determines the business direction of the enterprise and restricts the survival and development of the enterprise

when positioning their business concept, enterprises should first face the market and the needs of customers. In fact, in modern society, the needs of customers are diverse. No enterprise can meet all the needs of all kinds of customers, but only a certain part of them. Printing enterprises, as graphic reproduction processing enterprises, are unable to meet the needs of publishing departments or consumers of various products, so they can only position their business on the processing of a certain kind of products

today's world has begun to enter the era of knowledge economy with the main technical characteristics of information digitization and networking, which has brought a huge impact to the printing industry and has a significant impact on the current mode of printing and publishing operations. The color desktop technology originally completed by the printing factory has now been partially transferred to the publishing unit. A part of the copied manuscript originally accepted by the printing and processing unit is being replaced by a variety of electronic documents or digital information media. The publishing technology has developed rapidly and has been applied. At the same time, we should also see that despite the rapid development of information networking, the traditional paper substrate will not be reduced, Even with the growth of people's demand for culture and the convenience of reading, it will gradually increase

on demand printing is developing rapidly. The so-called on-demand printing is called differently at home and abroad. Some are called personalized printing, digital printing, and some are called short edition printing. It mainly uses digital printing technology to meet the special requirements of customers in terms of time, quantity (relatively small, usually less than 1000 prints) and quality, but the cost is similar to that of traditional offset printing. Data shows that the volume of on-demand printing business in the United States has accounted for more than half of all printing sources, and its revenue has exceeded the average level of the printing industry. Marcel Kiessling, head of the direct imaging department of Heidelberg, believes that digital printing can increase sales by 40%. In fact, after joining the WTO, the service scope of on-demand printing will be expanded, and various manuals, product manuals, commercial advertisements, conference documents, etc. will increase greatly, which will be a potential big market. At present, on-demand printing is still rare in Jilin Province, and the market prospect is relatively broad

in the face of such an industry development trend and such a large printing market, enterprise operators and managers should choose the market with more development potential as their service object according to their own current situation, and do not seek perfection and greatness. At present, the printing industry in Jilin Province, especially the book printing enterprises, is seriously insufficient, which is an indisputable fact. But some of our enterprises know that there is a surplus in the book printing market, but they still have to squeeze on this single wooden bridge, and do not study the needs of the market at all. There is such a printing enterprise, which is the largest in a prefecture level city. It has had brilliant achievements under the planned economy system. However, in recent years, with the establishment and continuous improvement of the market economy to strengthen energy conservation and emission reduction, the product quality is not satisfactory, the source of living is less and less, and it is almost on the verge of production suspension. But the factory director of this enterprise, in order to revitalize the enterprise, recently purchased an obsolete binding machine for printing a textbook for primary and secondary schools at a cost of tens of thousands of yuan. People can't help but doubt that how can the quality of obsolete machines be guaranteed? For such a blind enterprise manager, people feel very sorry for this great waste of enterprise management resources. How can operators who don't even know their own enterprise development goals make enterprises survive, let alone develop. In fact, such leaders who waste business resources and lack scientific management concepts are not in the minority, which can be said to be quite common in Jilin Province

third, accelerate the training of enterprise talents

enterprise is the cause of people, and people are the soul of enterprises. Without people, everything is impossible. Science and technology is the primary productive force, which is controlled by people. Only when people master it, can science and technology become a real productive force. Therefore, in the final analysis, market competition is the competition of talents. After China's entry into WTO, the biggest challenge is the challenge of talents

in order to update their ideas, enterprise managers must clearly realize that science and technology, as the primary productive force, is the source of economic benefit growth of enterprises, both in the production process and in the management process. If enterprises want to create economic benefits, they must rely on science and technology. However, the renewal of managers' ideas is restricted by their own knowledge level. The higher the knowledge, the stronger the awareness of technological progress, and the higher the attention to talents, and vice versa. According to incomplete statistics, among more than 200 book printing enterprises in Jilin Province, including national and provincial designated enterprises for book printing, the basic education level of managers is relatively low, and the number of people with higher education (including adult education) is less than 10%. Those who are better than the higher education of printing and have a certain management level are rare. The knowledge level of enterprise managers is low, resulting in the concept of talent training and talent citation is quite weak. Some managers don't have this concept at all in their minds. They just focus on "living". As long as they get "living", everything will be thrown away. The product quality can't be guaranteed, and the enterprise development has promoted the momentum. As a member of the administrative department of the printing industry management in the province and the publishing unit of textbooks for primary and secondary schools in the province, the author has worked for more than ten years and frequently contacted enterprises, but it is difficult to hear what plans and ideas enterprises have in cultivating talents. Not long ago, the boss of an individual enterprise came to inquire about information and find ways to attract talents, which made me more worried about the book and magazine enterprises in the province, especially the backbone enterprises

the largest exhibition in the world's printing industry, Drupa, known as "the Olympics of printing" "2000 tells us that the era of digitalization and networking of the printing industry is coming to us. Although there is still a big gap between the digitalization and networking of China's printing and publishing industry and the developed countries in the world, the interactive marketing using the Internet has shown great potential. This is an upcoming reform wave that can not be ignored by any enterprise, and will be followed by the advent of WTO, the introduction of foreign investors, and the process of digitalization and networking It will be accelerated, and the requirements for talent quality have also changed. It requires the staff of printing enterprises not only to be proficient in single technology, but also to be familiar with relevant technical knowledge, understand information technology, digital network technology, and have a sense of innovation

with the advent of the economic information age, the traditional production mode is bound to be broken, and some types of work in the printing industry will gradually disappear and gradually transition to knowledge intensive industries. However, at present, due to the constraints of subjective and objective conditions, especially subjective factors, the vast majority of book printing enterprises in Jilin Province are still